A Study to assess the effectiveness of Structured Teaching Programme on knowledge regarding Obesity and its consequences among adolescents of selected schools of Mehsana district

Sejal Patel¹, Thakor Sahil²*, Thakor Rahul², Chavadhari Jaimini², Chavadhari Arti²,

Sable Urvashi², Raut Anjali², Chhahanya Vaishali², Mahla Mitali², Vasava Adityasinh², Chauhan Shailesh²

¹HOD of Community Health Nursing Department, Ambaji Nursing College,

Ganeshpura, Dist: Mehsana, Gujarat, India.

²4^th Year B.Sc Nursing Students, Ambaji Nursing College, Ganeshpura, Dist: Mehsana, Gujarat, India.

*Corresponding Author E-mail: mncfaculty1920@gmail.com

ABSTRACT:

Introduction: Obesity is defined as a condition where excess body fat negatively effects on health. Childhood overweight and obesity are global problems; Obesity in childhood appears to increase risk of subsequent morbidity. 30% of totally Obesity is recorded in children out of which 50% to 80% leading to Obesity in adults. Adulthood outcomes related to childhood obesity includes hypertension, type 2 diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, left ventricular hypertrophy, non-alcoholics hepatitis, obstructive sleep apnea, orthopedic and psychosocial problems. Obesity is pathological condition in which excess body fat accumulated, leading adverse effects on health and life expectancy. It is a chronic disorder with Complex interaction between genetic and environmental factors. It characterized by high cholesterol, fatty acid Levels, imbalance in metabolic energy, insulin desensitization, lethargy, gallstones, high blood pressure, shortness of breath, emotional and social problems and excessive adipose mass accumulation with hyperplasia and hypertrophy. The aim of this study was to assess the effectiveness of structured teaching programme on knowledge regarding Obesity and Its Consequences among the Adolescents. Methods and Design: Quantitative Pre-experimental one group. pre-test post-test Research design was used. By using non-probability convenient sampling technique. This study also done on 60 Sample data was Counting by Structure questionnaires with used pre-test and posttest to assess knowledge about obesity and Its consequences. Results: In this study overall, the highest percentage in the demographic data including the Age group 58.33% (Above 14 to 15 year), Gender 58.33%(Male), Religion 100% (Hindu), Education level 66.66% (9th standard), Residence area 91.76 %(Rural), Dietary pattern 90% (vegetarian), Types of Family 81.66 %. (Joint family), Income of family (per month) 43.33% (5001 to 10,000), Previous knowledge 100% (NO), The post Test knowledge mean score (23.33) higher than Pre-Test mean score (13.97). The Calculate t Value (65.78) was greater than the table value (3.84) at 0.05 level of significance. The structured teaching programme was effective in increase the knowledge of Adolescents regarding Obesity and Its consequences. Conclusion: The finding of Study revealed that Structure teaching programme helps in improving knowledge regarding Obesity and Its Consequences among Adolescents.

KEYWORDS: Study, Assess, Effectiveness, Structured Teaching programme, Knowledge, Obesity, Consequences, Adolescents.

INTRODUCTION:

"Adolescents" as persons in the 14 to 18 year age group. Today India has a population of adolescents that is among the largest in the world. This is the generation which will shape India's future. One of the most important commitments a country can make for its future economic, social, and political progress and stability is to address the health and development related needs of its adolescents.¹

Obesity is defined as a condition where excess body fat negatively effects on health. Childhood overweight and obesity are global problems; obesity in childhood appears to increase risk of subsequent morbidity. 30% of totally obesity is recorded in children out of which 50% to 80% leading to obesity in adults. Adulthood outcomes related to childhood obesity includes hypertension, type 2 diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, left ventricular hypertrophy, non-alcoholics hepatitis, obstructive sleep apnea, orthopedic and psychosocial problems. Obesity is pathological condition in which excess body fat accumulated, leading adverse effects on health and life expectancy. It is a chronic disorder with Complex interaction between genetic and environmental factors. It characterized by high cholesterol, fatty acid Levels; imbalance in metabolic energy; insulin desensitization: lethargy, gallstones, high blood pressure, shortness of breath, emotional and social problems and excessive adipose mass accumulation with hyperplasia and hypertrophy.²

The primary treatments for obesity are dieting and Physical exercise. To Supplement this, or in case of failure, anti-obesity drugs may be taken to reduce appetite or inhibit for fat absorption. In severe cases, surgery is performed or an intra-gastric ballon is placed to reduce stomach volume and bowel length, leading to earlier satiation and reduced, ability to absorb nutrients from food.³

NEED OF THE STUDY:

Global estimates suggest that almost 2.3 billion children and adults are living with overweight and obesity. If current trends continue. 2.7 billion adults could be living with overweight or obesity by 2025The latest Lancet study covering the 1990-2016 periods in the prevalence of obesity among the people of Gujarat above 20 years has revealed a 149% rise among men and 121.6% rise among women. The study say that the prevalence of obesity was 4.7 among every 100 men in 1990. The figure rose to 11.6 in 2016. The late Lancets study covering the 2015-2016 periods on the prevalence of obesity among the people of Mehsana district. Women whose Body Mass Index.

(BMI) is below normal (BMI< 18.5kg/m²) 14 (%) (Rural 30.0 Total 26.8). Men whose body Mass Index (BMI) is below normal (BMI <18.5kg/m² (%) (Rural 28.1 Total 27.6. Woman who are overweight or obese (BMI >25.0kg/m²)14(%) (Rural 18.4 Total 22.7) Men who are overweight or obese (BMI> 25 .0kg/m² (%) (Rural 13.7 Total 17.9)

STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM:

A Study To Assess The Effectiveness Of Structured Teaching Programme On Knowledge Regarding Obesity And Its Consequences Among Adolescents Of Selected Schools Of Mehsana District.

OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY:

1. To assess the knowledge regarding Obesity and Its Consequences among the Adolescents of selected schools of Mehsana district.

2. To evaluate the effectiveness of structured teaching programme on knowledge regarding Obesity and Its Consequences among the Adolescents of selected schools of Mehsana district.

3. To find out the association of pretest knowledge score with their selected demographic variables

HYPOTHESIS:

H0: There will be a no any significant difference between pre-test and post-test level of knowledge score regarding Obesity and Its Consequences among adolescents of selected School of Mehsana district 0.05 Level of significance.

H1: There will be a significant difference between pre-test and post-test level of knowledge score regarding Obesity and Its Consequences among adolescents of selected School of Mehsana district 0.05 level of significance.

METHODS AND MATERIAL:

Quantitative Pre-experimental one group. pre-test post-test Research design was used. By using non-probability convenient sampling technique. This study also done on 60 Sample data was Counting by Structure questionnaires with used pre-test and posttest to assess knowledge about Obesity and Its Consequences.

RESULTS:

In this study overall, the highest percentage in the demographic data including the Age group 58.33% (Above 14 to 15 year), Gender 58.33% (Male), Religion 100% (Hindu), Education level 66.66% (9th standard), Residence area 91.76% (Rural), Dietary pattern 90% (vegetarian), Types of Family 81.66 %. (Joint family), Income of family (per month) 43.33% (5001 to 10,000), Previous knowledge 100% (NO), The post Test knowledge mean score (23.33) higher than Pre-Test mean score (13.97). The Calculate t Value (65.78) was greater than the table value (3.84) at 0.05 level of significance. The structured teaching programme was effective in increase the knowledge of Adolescents regarding Obesity and Its consequences.

FINDING RELATED TO DEMOGRAPHIC DATA:

In this study overall the highest percentage in the demographic data including the Age group 58.33% (14-15 y), Gender 58.33% (male), religion 100%(Hindu) Education 66.66% (standard 9), residence area 91.67% (rural), dietary pattern 90% (vegetarian) type of Family 81% (Joint Family), income of family (per month) 43.33% (5001 to 10000 per month) previous knowledge about Obesity and It's Consequences 100% (no).

Finding related to pre and post knowledge score:

Level of Knowledge	Pre-test		Post-test
Level of Knowledge	Frequency	(%)	Frequency	(%)
Poor (0-10)	44	73.33%	00	0%
Average (11-20)	16	26.66%	06	10%
Good (21-30)	00	0%	54	90%

Pre-test, only 44 (73.33%) of adolescent had Poor level (0-10 score) of knowledge on Obesity and Its Consequences, 16(26.66%) of adolescent had average (11-20 score) level of knowledge Obesity and Its Consequences and no one had good knowledge (21-30 score) on Obesity and Its Consequences.

During Post-test, No one of adolescent had Poor level (0 -10 score) of knowledge on Obesity and Its Consequences, 06 (10%) of Adolescents had average (11-20 score) level of knowledge on Obesity and Its Consequences and 54(90%) had good knowledge (21-30score) on Obesity and Its Consequences.

It was inferred from the above table that the structured teaching programme was effective in improving knowledge obesity and its consequences among adolescent

Finding related to effectiveness of structured teaching programme:

Distribution of subject on paired 't' test between pretest and posttest knowledge score regarding Obesity and Its Consequences among Adolescents.

Parameter

Mean

Standard deviation

't' value

Pre-test

8.38

3.74

T=65.78

DF=6

Post-test

23.33

2.71

Finding related to association between pretest knowledge score of adolescents with selected demographic variables:

Table show that the association between the Pretest level of Knowledge and socio demographic Variable. Based on the Third objectives used to chi-square test to associate the level of knowledge of Obesity and Its Consequences and selected demographic variable. The chi square values show that there is all significant. The calculated Chi-square was less than the table value at the 0.05 level of significance.

CONCLUSION:

The present study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of Structured Teaching Programme on Obesity and Its Consequences. The study was conducted by using pre-experimental one group pre-test post-test research design. Mehsana district was selected for conducting the study. The sample size was 60 Adolescents using Non-probability Convenient Sampling method.

REFERENCES:

1. Haslam D.W, James. wp, "obesity". Lancet 2005; 366 :1197-2099

2. Haslam D.W, James. wp, "obesity". Lancet 2005; 366 :1197-209.

3. Imaz I, martinez - cervell e. Garcia Alvarez e.6, sendra Gutierrez i.M., Gonzalez - Enriquez. J. "Safety and effectiveness of intragastric baloon for obesity "A Meta Analysis" Obesj Jurg 2008; 18:841-6-

Received on 07.08.2024 Revised on 09.09.2024

Accepted on 05.10.2024 Published on 16.12.2024

Available online on December 31, 2024

Int. J. Nursing Education and Research. 2024;12(4):258-260.

DOI: 10.52711/2454-2660.2024.00054